To provide "SOME" Real World, non Political information -
1) A government Deficit is the figure, where the annual Expenditure, exceeds the annual Revenue.
2) A government Surplus is the figure, where the annual Revenue, exceeds the annual Expenditure.
3) A government Debt is the accumulation of both annual Deficits & Surpluses.
4) Globally, most governments have historically run at a modest Deficit & Debt, But both of these figures fluctuate depending on the Local & Global Economy & where the Economic cycle is, at any given point in time.
5) Due to the GFC, which "officially" commenced in 2007, most government Debt to GDP ratio's have increased Globally, although the reasons for these problems actually go back quite some time & governments of both major persuasions have contributed to a lack of adequate planning, going back some 30-50 years, both locally & Globally!
6) Despite the fact that both Labor & Liberal have done "somewhat better" than many/most other countries, we still have a growing Debt problem. Not an emergency just yet, But it is heading in that direction.
7) To put our growing Debt problem into perspective, many other countries are far worse than Australia, for example on a NET DEBT basis & based on 2012 or 2013 figures, as per the following site, other countries bear roughly the following relationship to Australia -
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_countries_by_public_debtGreece - 14 times worse
Japan - 12 times worse
Portugal - 10 times worse
Italy - 9 times worse
USA - 8 times worse
France - 7.5 times worse
United Kingdom - 7 times worse
Germany - 5 times worse
Conversely Norway & some of the Oil producing nations have substantial Surpluses NOT DEBT and consequently they are much better placed to withstand the GFC Mark2 which is about to revisit the Global Economy.
I expect that the GFC Mark2, when it arrives, which I expect will be sooner rather than later, will initially see a loss on most Global share markets, in the order of some 50%, irrespective of which Political Party/s happen to be in power.
That may not be nice news, But it is what is likely!