Good article on data storage.

As I said to Chimp:


Dear beloved Chimp,
ask for forgiveness & it shall be given unto thee.

seek & ye shall find -

knock at the door & it shall be opened.

A Master and one of his slaves are issuing forth public forgivenesses and deranged non-peer reviewed videos

Will they ever render joint public apologies - in writing?

Will they ever self ban?

https://www.science.unsw.edu.au/news/study-tiny-red-crystals-dramatically-increa...

Study: Tiny red crystals that dramatically increase biogas production could reduce need for new coal seam wells



Tuesday, 16 February, 2016
Deborah Smith
UNSW Australia-led researchers have discovered a way to produce a tenfold increase in the amount of methane gas emitted by naturally occurring microbes living in coal seams and on food waste.

The innovation could benefit the environment by extending the lifespan of coal seam gas wells, as well as improving the economics of using woody crops and left-over food as commercial sources of biogas.

The technique involves the addition of small amounts of a synthetic dye that forms previously unobserved needle-like crystals to help the methane-producing microbes grow faster.

“It’s simple. If the microbes grow faster, they fart more methane,” says study senior author UNSW Associate Professor Mike Manefield.

Biogas emitted by microbes will be vital for meeting the world’s future energy needs and helping reduce greenhouse gas emissions from the burning of other fossil fuels, Associate Professor Manefield says.

“Our research in the lab and in coal boreholes near Lithgow has shown that the crystals can lead to a massive leap in methane production – a tenfold increase from coal, and an 18-fold increase from food waste.

“This is very exciting and likely to be a game changer. We also expect our approach will work with renewable feedstocks for methane-producing microbes, such as woody plant material and the by-products of municipal wastewater treatment.”

The study, by an international team spear-headed by UNSW’s Dr Sabrina Beckmann, is published in the journal Energy and Environmental Science. The five-year-long research project was supported by the Australian Research Council and industry partner Biogas Energy.

The researchers studied a small synthetic molecule called neutral red that has been used for more than 150 years as a textile dye, or for staining cells under a microscope.

“We knew it was able to shuttle electrons about and we wondered if it could deliver them directly to the microbes that produce methane. Usually these ancient critters get electrons from hydrogen gas,” says Associate Professor Manefield.

“When we added neutral red in the laboratory to a mixture of coal and naturally occurring groundwater microbes, in the absence of oxygen, we discovered it formed crystals that had never been seen before.

“The crystals act as electron sponges, harvesting electrons from minerals and bacteria in the mixture and then transferring them with a lot of power to the methane-producing microbes, boosting their growth.”

The patented technology was also tested in a real-life environment in coal boreholes near Lithgow.

Small amounts of neutral red were injected 80 metres underground at three sites into the water-saturated coal seam. A fivefold to tenfold increase in methane production was observed during a 12-month period.

“Coal seam gas wells usually have a short lifespan and spent ones litter the countryside. Enhancing their methane production could reduce the need to build new ones,” Associate Professor Manefield says.

Media contacts:

Associate Professor Mike Manefield: 9385 1780, manefield@unsw.edu.au

UNSW Science media: Deborah Smith: 9385 7307, 0478 492 060, deborah.smith@unsw.edu.au

'The best crystals are crystals with small imperfections'

Figure B - When X-rays (yellow beam) pass through a crystal (green shapes), they form an intensity pattern on a detector behind the crystal that is dominated by bright spots (dots in the background). Researchers use these so-called Bragg peaks to reconstruct atomic-resolution images of the molecules inside the crystals. In a new study at SLAC’s LCLS X-ray laser, researchers used continuous diffraction — signals found between the spots, which appear here as washed-out, continuous lines in the background — to improve the resolution of images obtained with the conventional analysis. Credit: SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory


A perfectly ordered crystal would produce nothing but Bragg peaks. However, disorder limits the number of detectable peaks and therefore the resolution of the molecular image that can be obtained from the peaks alone.

The small displacements lead to “termination of the Bragg peaks” but allow scientists to “see” the scattering from the sum of the individual molecules in the crystals. These tiny molecular displacements from a perfectly ordered crystal arrangement produce gently rippling patterns between and beyond the sharp Bragg peaks. Although these patterns, known as “continuous diffraction,” have been actively studied, they had not been considered capable of producing high-resolution molecular images.

“We’ve now demonstrated that we can actually use the continuous diffraction of imperfect crystals to obtain better molecular images than with Bragg peaks alone,” said Kartik Ayyer, the study’s first author from the Center for Free-Electron Laser Science (CFEL) at the German research center DESY.

'Phased in'

Even when good diffraction is available, the structure of a complex molecule is still extremely difficulty to determine. Without knowing the phase — the lag of the crests of one diffracted wave to another — it is not possible to compute an image of  the molecule from the measured diffraction pattern.

To solve the tricky phase puzzle, more information must be known than just the intensity of the measured Bragg spots. Sometimes this information can be derived by X-analysis of crystals of chemically modified molecules, or inferred from the structure of a closely related molecule, but these approaches are time-consuming and can bias the results. Bragg peaks are strong, since they arise from constructive interference (like a crowd clapping in unison), but they are sparse and of limited content. The continuous diffraction used in the new method fills in the gaps in and beyond the Bragg peaks, giving vastly more information, which can be used to directly obtain the phase and improve the resolution.

ASU physicist and study co-author John Spence elaborated:

“In 1913, Paul Debye showed that Bragg diffraction from vibrating atoms in a crystal scatter between the Bragg spots. Henry Chapman (XFEL scientist with DESY and corresponding author) was able to show how, in a similar way, the non-Bragg scattering from LCLS X-ray snapshots from imperfect crystals can be used to provide a resolution-enhanced image of the protein molecule, and also solve the phase problem."

This simple concept leads to a paradigm shift in crystallography — the most ordered crystals are no longer the best to analyze. Imperfect crystals arise because some molecules do not align perfectly with majority of the molecules within the crystal (see Figure A), which creates a continuous diffraction pattern similar to those predicted for single molecules. Single molecule diffraction is the Holy Grail of modern X-ray science because it eliminates the crystallization process altogether, but has never been possible because the signals from individual molecules are far too weak.



The analysis of the Bragg peaks alone (top) reveals far less detail than the analysis of the continuous diffraction pattern (bottom). Magnifying glassses show real data. Credit: Eberhard Reimann/DESY

“For the first time we have access to single molecule diffraction — we have never had this in crystallography before,” Chapman said. The technique elegantly weds X-ray diffraction of crystals and X-ray imaging of single particles, providing the best of both worlds. 

The technique could provide a stepping-stone toward detailed imaging of single particles, including the large number of biological specimens that cannot easily be crystallized

Fromme stated that the new technique also opens the field for time-resolved movies of biomolecules at work. “While perfect crystalline order restricts the movement of molecules, the new method allows us to study dynamic processes in single crystals of biomolecules.”

many blessings and so yet Lo,

let us continue to explore this most fascinating

and factual phenomena that continues to exist , namely the potency and functionality of CRYSTALS ..

http://www.encyclopedia.com/topic/Crystal_healing.aspx

Crystal Healing

In recent years there was a surge of popular interest in the use of crystals for healing purposes, harking back to ancient times when priests and shamans of many cultures used crystals for healing, as well as for summoning the dead and scrying (i.e., crystal gazing ) to obtain knowledge of distant events or to fore-tell the future.

Quartz crystals are a natural product formed by movements in the earth's crust. Silica in a molten state is moved toward the earth's surface. When it rises and cools, it changes structure, forming crystals on surrounding granite or sandstone cavities. The molecular structure of quartz crystal involves a perfect alignment and symmetry and imports unusual physical properties. Crystals can receive, amplify, convert, and focus energy, or store an electrical charge. If an electric current is passed through crystal it vibrates. If rubbed, a crystal generates an electrical current. Such properties have made crystals essential components of many modern devices, such as phonograph needles, watches, and microcomputers. Lasers use quartz crystal to convert electrical current into light and focus it as a beam of great intensity. These many interesting scientific properties and technological uses underlie much of the recent metaphysical attention to crystals.

Much of the modern interest in crystals in the New Age movement is rooted in the psychic readings of Edgar Cayce. In his readings mentioning Atlantis, Cayce described a large crystalline structure that supplied the power to run the Atlantean culture. He also spoke of the use of various crystals for individual personal needs. The references to crystals were later compiled in a booklet, Gems and Stones: Based on the Edgar Cayce Readings (1960).

In 1976 psychic channel Frank Alper began to convey a series of readings said to be from spirit entities. These readings were later published in a three-volume set and described the power system of Atlantis and the use of crystals in great healing temples. Alper claimed that crystals can actually absorb and store energy, which can later be discharged as a healing power.

According to Alper, crystals come in different shapes and sizes. Those with many facets are best for storing energy. Some crystals in the form of inverted pyramids were supposedly used for surgery on Atlantis. Flat, rectangular-shaped (emerald cut) crystals were used to filter light that rejuvenated the body. Alper also described the way in which a set of small crystals can be placed on or around the body of someone who desires to use the crystals' energy to either restore the body or elevate the consciousness.

Alper provided a comprehensive text on crystals. Through the 1980s his work was the basis of numerous texts on crystal power and elaborate speculations on the properties of crystalline structures. In his wake a considerable body of theory and practice has grown up around the use of crystals for healing purposes.

Marcel Vogel, a former research scientist at IBM, established a Psychic Research Institute in San Jose, California, to study, among other subjects, the claimed healing effects of crystals. He developed special techniques for "balancing and harmonizing" the body's energy field by means of crystals and claimed that many physicians and other healers were using such techniques. He videotaped his own experiments with hundreds of individuals and alleged improvements in relieving a variety of diseases, including Parkinson's disease, bursitis, arthritis, chronic back pain, and even blindness.

In spite of the efforts of people such as Vogel, however, acceptable evidence for the use of crystals as powerful storage batteries was not forthcoming, and only claims of its spiritual and metaphysical properties survived. Supporters still claim for example, that a crystal placed in a room will bring harmony and peace to the environment, in drinking water will improve the flavor, and set in a refrigerator will help keep food pure. Crystals are also believed to relieve mental and emotional tension if held in the hand and to bring about harmony and clarity if worn during meditation.

For such applications, the crystal must first be "cleared," that is, subjected to a process to neutralize existing vibrations and energies, usually by placing the crystal in a clear running stream, soaking it in salt water, or "charging" it with one's own breath. A new word, crystaphile, has been coined to indicate lovers of crystals who believe that they may have occult applications.

Why do crystals seem to have an impact on spiritual growth? The answer comes in the form of energy, frequency and vibration (which, according to Nikola Tesla, are the key to understanding the universe!) Remember, crystals have been shown to oscillate at their own frequencies, and even respond to the input of vibrations. The cells in the human body also vibrate at certain frequencies, as do the chakras (the centers of the human energy body). So when we come into contact with a crystal, its vibration interacts with the vibration of the cells in our body.

According to the Book of Stones, “When we bring the crystal into our electromagnetic field, two things occur. The electromagnetic frequencies carried by the stone will vibrate with related frequencies in our own energy field through the physical law of resonance, creating a third larger vibration field. The nervous system is attuned to these shifts in energy and transmits this information to the brain. Here the frequencies stimulate biochemical shifts that affect the physical body and shift brain function.” (Simmons & Ahsian 2005, 28)

~~~~

as we can see here , the master nikola tesla was familiar , and had knowledge of the importance and potency of crystals .. much more

than the beloved chimp/champ whom is well done yet holds but a fraction of teslas achievements in comprehending the uni verse

and its various realities that come about and from a direct interface through the technology extrapolated and delivered by crystals

some continue to be confused hence this and many other

informative posts upon , but not limited unto , the matter or antimatter for that matter

so be at peace as we continue humbly

Ancient Knowledge of The Power of Crystals

For millennia, crystals, minerals and gem stones have been used to bring about healing and enhance physical, emotional and spiritual balance. The ancients must have somehow known that when worn, the energies of the stones would interact with the human electromagnetic field to bring about subtle energetic changes. Royals have worn crystals throughout history in their jewelry, crowns, thrones and swords. Interestingly, the placement of crystals on the crown on a royal’s head could activate their crown chakra, and the same goes for a necklace over the heart chakra, rings on fingers for energy meridians, and earrings to stimulate reflex points. It kind of makes you wonder if all jewelry was initially intended to connect healing stones to different energetic points on the body?! Crystals have also been used burials, in divination, and in healing rituals for thousands of years. Here are some specific examples from ancient cultures around the world (again there are many more examples cited here and here):

The Ancient Egyptians: Used crystals for protection and health, and buried the dead with a piece of quartz on their forehead to help guide them to the afterlife. Dancers wore rubies in their bellybuttons to enhance their sexuality, and a necklace over the heart was intended to bring love into ones life. Forehead crowns were also worn to stimulate the third eye. They even used ground lapis lazuli and malachite as eye makeup. Perhaps the most interesting is the account of pharaohs who carried a copper cylinder and zinc cylinder each filled with quartz, to balance the Ka and Ba energies of the body (equivalent of Ying & Yang today).

Ancient Greeks: Rubbed themselves with crushed hematite before going into battle thinking that it would make them invincible. The name for Amethyst is derived from the words for “not drunken” in Greek, because Amethyst was worn as an amulet to protect against drunkenness and hangovers. Even the word “crystal” is derived from the Greek word for ice, because quartz crystal looked like water that was frozen and would never melt.

Romans:  The use of crystals as amulets and talismans was very common amongst the Romans. They were used in medical treatment and to attract desirable things, enhance health and provide protection in battle.

India:  The Hindu Vedas, the sacred 5000 year old religious texts, discuss the use of different crystals to treat certain medical ailments, as well as the specific properties of different crystals. For example, they say that emerald will bring good luck. Aryuvedic medicine has also recognized the healing powers of crystals for hundreds of years.

Mayans, Aztecs and Incans: All three of these societies understood the power of using crystals for balance and healing on physical, emotions and spiritual levels. Crystals were used to diagnose and treat disease, well as to see the future through divination. According to some accounts, the Incans considered certain stones (such as emeralds) to be so powerful, they chose to die before giving the conquerors the location of their emerald mines.

Indigenous Tribes: American Indians and indigenous tribes of Australia have used, and continue to use, crystals to diagnose and heal illness. Many of the stones used in their traditional jewelry are thought to contain healing powers, including Agate, Turquoise, Onyx and more.

Ancient Chinese: the 5,000 year old practice of Chinese Medicine often incorporates crystals for their healing powers, including the use of crystal needles in modern day Chinese acupuncture and Pranic Healing. Chinese emperors were even buried in Jade armor as a symbol of wealth and power.

Thanks master Light,

I have learnt much about crystals from your posts.

I hope that the beloved Chimp has also learnt something.

namaste