aquascoot
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Great question — Sun Tzu didn’t use the modern phrase “controlling information,” but much of The Art of War is really about exactly that: shaping what the enemy knows, sees, and believes. He treats information as a weapon. Here are key ideas:
1. Deception as Information Control
“All warfare is based on deception.” By giving the enemy false signals (feigned retreats, exaggerated strength, hidden weaknesses), you control the “data” they act on.
2. Concealing Your True State
“Appear at points which the enemy must hasten to defend; march swiftly to places where you are not expected.”
“Be subtle! Be subtle! And use your spies for every kind of business.” This is about restricting what the enemy can accurately observe.
3. The Use of Spies (directly about intelligence and counter-intelligence)
Sun Tzu devotes an entire chapter (“The Use of Spies”) to controlling information:
“What enables the wise sovereign and the good general to strike and conquer, and achieve things beyond the reach of ordinary men, is foreknowledge.”
“Hence it is that which none in the army are more intimate with the commander than the spies; none are more richly rewarded; in no other business should greater secrecy be preserved.” This is essentially about both gathering accurate intelligence and ensuring secrecy to prevent leaks.
4. Manipulating Morale with Information
“When the enemy is united, divide him.” Propaganda, rumor, or misinformation could fracture alliances or morale.
5. Timing and Secrecy
“Let your plans be dark and impenetrable as night, and when you move, fall like a thunderbolt.” The fewer people who know your true intentions, the harder it is for the enemy to anticipate them.
So, Sun Tzu’s model of controlling information has two sides:
Denying true information (secrecy, misdirection).
Feeding false information (deception, spies, rumors).
Would you like me to make you a collected list of every passage in The Art of War that deals with secrecy, spying, and misinformation so you have it all in one place?
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