Bobby. wrote on Sep 21
st, 2026 at 7:36pm:
“Critical literacy” is the close intellectual relative of such dubious academic projects as Critical Race Theory and Critical Whiteness Studies. Its foundational text is Pedagogy of the Oppressed by the Brazilian educator Paulo Freire. This book, first published in 1970, is approvingly sprinkled with quotations from Karl Marx, Mao Tse-Tung and Fidel Castro. According to Freire, the goal of education is not traditional literacy or numeracy but the creation of “critical consciousness” which will lead to students “intervening” in systems of social domination. Freire’s work aimed to liberate the impoverished Brazilian masses through political radicalisation. Whereas the Marxist roots of Freire’s project are self-evident, by the time critical pedagogy reached the Australian university in the mid-1980s, it had taken a cultural turn. This is exemplified by the work of Allan Luke, Australia’s leading advocate of critical pedagogy, who described the approach as “working with learners to use language to name and problematicise the world—that is to take everyday ideological constructions of class, race, gender, sexuality, war, peace, conflict and so forth, and to make them problematic through dialogic exchange”.
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In recent debates about the new curriculum, the biggest controversy has been over the use of the word invasion to describe the European arrival in Australia. According to Professor Stewart Liddle of the University of South Queensland, the changes “include a more accurate reflection of the historical record of First Nations people’s experience with colonisation, with a commitment to ‘truth telling’”. More than 150 indigenous academics and teachers have endorsed these changes, again by using the term “truth-telling”. However, this emphasis on “truth” is strange from a critical theory viewpoint. In his article “Critical Literacy in Australia”, Luke tells the reader that some of the main theorists informing “critical literacy” are Valentin Voloshinov, Mikhail Bakhtin, Michel Foucault, Jacques Derrida, Pierre Bourdieu and Paulo Freire, a motley collection of Marxists and postmodernists who were either the intellectual architects of left-wing totalitarianism or deconstructionists of the notion of truth itself. Is this “truth-telling” going to include the gulags, purges and mass starvation of the Soviet Union and China? Moreover, is it going to include the complicity of prominent indigenous writers and “critical literacy” educators in whitewashing the crimes of communist regimes? My experience suggests that killing-fields-and-gulag denialism is the true lodestar guiding Australian education, both in terms of “indigenous perspectives” and “Australia’s engagement with Asia”—the other two cross-curricular priorities in Australian education.
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In an even more egregious example of this phenomenon, The Motorcycle Diaries by Marxist revolutionary Ernesto “Che” Guevara is a prescribed HSC text in New South Wales for the 2019 to 2023 period. It is highly unusual to include translated work on the syllabus. World novelists like Tolstoy, Flaubert and Kawabata are excluded, but an exception is made for “Che”. It is absolutely scandalous that the promoters of “diversity” should prescribe the study of a writer who jailed Afro-Cuban priests and sent gays to a forced labour camp with a sign saying, “Work Will Make You Men”, echoing Auschwitz. I knew of students who were assigned this book at a previous school, and many of them were puzzled why they were studying an author who had used death squads against political opponents.
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The “critical literacy” bait-and-switch
Consider: indigenous poets who espouse decolonisation but won’t stand up for Tibet and Xinjiang. Picture-books about refugees which don’t mention the tyrants they are fleeing. Teaching units on sustainability which shoehorn in the ideology of “social justice”. A pedagogy of “emancipation” which aims to reprogram your “consciousness” and make you a foot soldier for neo-Marxist social projects. An education establishment which wrings it hands about falling test scores and then doubles down on the very teaching philosophy which caused them. If it isn’t already abundantly clear, the “critical” approach to education is an elaborate bait-and-switch. As critical educators Luke and Dooley explain, “critical literacy is the use of texts to analyse and transform relations of cultural, social and political power”. The telos of critical literacy is explicitly not traditional notions of literacy or numeracy, but the political radicalisation of students.
quadrant.org.au/magazine/from-our-archives/the-literature-syllabus-descends-into...