I've updated the original post as promised.

Please feel free to add more environment acronyms as needed.

SST -   Sea Surface Temperature.

ENSO  -  El Nino/Southern Oscillation  cycle

RAMA -

The Research Moored Array for African-Asian-Australian Monsoon Analysis and Prediction (RAMA) was designed to study the Indian Ocean’s role in the monsoons.  One third of the world population depends on monsoon driven rainfall for agricultural production, so improving our understanding and ability to predict the monsoons has been a longstanding objective of the international scientific community. RAMA, the newest tropical buoy array, was initiated in the traditionally data sparse Indian Ocean in 2004 following deployment of successful pilot scale arrays by Japan and India.  RAMA has since grown through the formation of new partnerships that at present include Indonesia, China, the USA, and the Bay of Bengal Large Marine Ecosystem (BOBLME) program.

TAO/TRITON


Pacific Ocean - TAO

Tropical Atmosphere Ocean (TAO)

The TAO/TRITON Array was designed to better understand and predict climate variations related to El Niño and the Southern Oscillation (ENSO).  ENSO, the warm phase of which we refer to as El Niño and the cold phase La Niña, represents the strongest year-to-year climate fluctuation on the planet. ENSO events significantly disrupt normal patterns of weather variability, affecting agriculture, transportation, resource management, energy production, and the lives of millions of people around the globe. ENSO also affects Pacific marine ecosystems and commercially valuable fish stocks such as tuna and anchovy.  TAO/TRITON was built over the 10 year period 1985-94 and is presently supported by the USA (NOAA/National Weather Service / National Data Buoy Center) and Japan (Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology).

ITCZ

Inter Tropical Convergence Zone

Acronym of ITCZ is "Inter Tropical Convergence Zone". It is a zone of low pressure area near the equator where the convergence of two easterly winds originating from the both northern and southern hemispheres.


https://www.quora.com/Meteorology-What-does-the-ITCZ-stand-for

Sivaiah Borra, M.Sc Physical Oceanography, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam
Answered Feb 23, 2016 · Author has 60 answers and 399.2k answer views

Acronym of ITCZ is "Inter Tropical Convergence Zone".

It is a zone of low pressure area near the equator where the convergence of two easterly winds originating from the both northern and southern hemispheres. The excessive heat absorbed at the surface over the tropical oceans is transferred to the lower troposphere through evaporation then transported to higher altitudes through convection and latent heat release and to higher latitudes through the Hadley circulation. This is the zone of enhanced convection, cloudiness and rainfall. the ITCZ plays an important role in the  atmospheric energy balance and earth's climate, because the enhanced cloudiness associated with this convective system contributes significantly to the planetary albedo , absorptivity  and transmissivity of the incident solar radiation.