freediver wrote on Jun 6
th, 2014 at 2:01pm:
Quote:And liberal secular values have had a great deal of opposition from Christian, Hindu and Muslim quarters.
Would you say that the separation of church and state had equal opposition from Christian, Hindu and Muslim quarters?
The only majority Hindu and Muslim nation states arose in the 20th century, long after the Enlightenment and its subsequent European revolutions in the mid 19th century.
In Latin Europe, the church got its payback in Spain and Italy under Franco and Mussolini. The protestant countries were different. There, the state (or crown) leads the church. In England, the Queen is the official head of the Church of England. Some Western European states have similar deals with their Lutheran equivalents.
India and the majority Muslim states were established by the European powers using their own constitutional models. With the exception of the Arab monarchies (granted their own tribal political models by Mother to keep them in the fold) and post-Revolution Iran, these countries follow the British or French parliamentary and legal systems.
All states have religious parties - India has been ruled in recent years by the BJP, a Hindu-renaissance party. Religion is a big political magnet in post-colonial societies. However, most countries have kept their secular political models intact. Leaders, whether they're generals or career politicians, must pay constant homage to religious groups to stay in power.
People I've talked to in India understand this process. They simply call it "politics" - the standard response to most religious conflict in India. There is, of course, no organised movement to end secular government in India, as there is in Pakistan - unless you include Maoist rebels.
Does this help to answer your question?