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Lord Herbert
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Myth: Bumbling British to blame for failed landing
Another myth is that British generals were to blame for the failure of the Gallipoli campaign.
Wrong again, says Professor Stanley. "The first landing was opposed by only about 80 Turks, and the defenders were soon massively out-numbered, but the invaders failed to advance inland as they had been ordered," he says.
He says the Australians' orders were to push on and capture a hill called Maltepe, seven kilometres inland. But the Australian brigadiers got nervous and told their men to dig in on the second ridge, and that's where they stayed for the rest of the eight-month campaign. Video: British to blame for failed landing: Watch what the experts say about this myth. (ABC News)
Professor Stanley says Australians wanted to blame somebody else for a failure that was basically a failure of Australian command.
Mr Ekins says the then Australian prime minister, Billy Hughes, was among the first to point the finger at the British. In fact, Mr Ekins says, there are multiple reasons for why the campaign failed. "The objectives in the first place, the conception of the whole campaign, was flawed," he says.
Wartime inquiries found the entire campaign had been misconceived from the start and was poorly carried out, resulting in the useless deaths of tens of thousands of allied soldiers.
A 1917 British parliamentary report concluded: "The failure at Anzac was due mainly to the difficulties of the country and the strength of the enemy."
However it also noted that had the British been successful at nearby Suvla, they may have lessened Turkish resistance at Anzac Cove.
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