Recent examples of religious intolerance against Christians
The past decade has seen a rise in violent attacks by Islamic extremists, followed by severe govern-
ment crackdowns on their activity in an attempt to put an end to the violence and to regain control.
Unfortunately, violence against Christians still continues but state police and/or Muslim mobs are
increasingly becoming the perpetrators. Such violence has gone unpunished by the Egyptian legal
system in recent years.
In January 2000, in El-Kosheh village, Upper Egypt, 21 Coptic Christians were killed over the
course of a few days’ rioting. The General Prosecutor’s report of his investigation into the incident
blames the massacre on delinquent elements within both the Muslim and Christian communities,
disappointing Egypt’s Coptic Christians who note that all except one of the casualties of the violence
were Christians. Concern has also been expressed that no police officers were detained or
interrogated, despite the testimony of Copts regarding police negligence and complicity in the violence.
Finally, in a verdict handed down on February 5, 2001, an Egyptian court acquitted all but four of the
ninety-six people charged with crimes relating to the violence. None were convicted with murder.
This verdict outraged Egyptian Christians and human rights activists all over the world. However, a
request to appeal the verdict has been successful and the case will be retried.
In June 2000, Coptic Christian, William Shaiboub Arsal, was sentenced to 15 years with hard labor
for the murder of two Christian men in El-Kosheh village in August 1998. The murders were the
catalyst for the notorious El-Kosheh incident (since dubbed El-Kosheh I), in which over 1000 local
Coptic Christians were detained by police, despite the fact that three Muslim men were identified as
responsible. Many of those detained were tortured by local police officers, including William, who
was first taken into custody on September 17, 1998. He was hung upside down by his feet, beaten,
tied to a chair and given electric shocks to sensitive parts of his body.
William Shaiboub’s lawyers have confirmed that his verdict is being appealed at the Egyptian Court of
Cassation. In the meantime, William remains in prison.
What is common to both these episodes is that police negligence and complicity has gone un-
questioned and unpunished. Egypt’s Christian community is understandably feeling very vulnerable
and inadequately protected by national law.
Overall Human Rights Situation
Major human rights organizations continue to report the systematic use of torture by police and
security forces to obtain confessions. Prisoners of conscience continue to be sentenced and held.
Political parties, NGOs and the news media continue to face legal restrictions and government control.
In May 1999, a law regulating civil institutions including NGOs was passed by the Egyptian Parliament.
This imposed a wide range of restrictive conditions, including criminal penalties for offenses that might
amount to no more than the exercise of freedom of association
http://www.cswusa.com/countries/Egypt.htm