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Sprintcyclist
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Saint Nicholas
The origin of Santa Claus goes back to an altruistic bishop named Saint Nicholas who lived in Myra in Asia Minor (present-day Turkey) during the fourth century. There is so much legend about this early Saint that little solid truth is known about him, so little in fact, that Pope Paul VI ordered his feast day on December 6th dropped from the liturgical calendar. However, among the many accounts told of the Saint are the two that tell of a bag of gold he allegedly threw through the window of a needy family’s house (wishing to give anonymously) and his secret gifts to three daughters of a poor man unable to pay for their dowries; had it not been for the Saint’s intervention, the girls would have been forced into prostitution.
He has become the patron saint of scholars, sailors, virgins, merchants—even thieves, but especially children, the latter to whom he was said to give gifts, arguably based on the legend of the poor man’s virgin daughters. In Germany, Holland, Rome, and other nearby countries, accounts began circulating that he rode a white horse through the sky, often accompanied by an elf named Black Peter who whipped the children who misbehaved. He had the long flowing robes of a bishop, wore a white beard, and was honored on December 6th, a holiday which eventually merged with December 25th in most countries. However, children in the The Netherlends, Belgium, and Luxembourg still leave a wooden shoe near the fireplace filled with straw for Saint Nicholas’ donkey. In the morning, the straw is gone and gifts are left in its place. In these countries, December 25th is purely a religious holiday.
Coca Cola
It was to be Thomas Nast and the Coca-Cola bottling company that would turn Santa into the modern American invention. Nast was an illustrator for Harper’s magazine from the 1860s to the 1880s and he depicted Santa’s workshop at the North Pole and his list of good and bad children. Then in 1931, Coca-Cola ran a series of advertisements depicting Santa as a fully human giver of gifts, exactly as he appears today.
In 1939, Robert May, an advertising agent working for the Montgomery Ward department store, developed Rudolf, the ninth, red-nosed reindeer as a highly lucrative sales ploy. Santa Claus and his reindeer did much to advance the capitalistic interests of the commercial sector, and in-store displays featuring Santa became common place.
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