"The Arabs raided sub-Saharan Africa for thirteen centuries without interruption," reads a loosely translated excerpt from The Veiled Genocide, a book by Tidiane N'Diaye, a Franco-Senegalese author and anthropologist. "Most of the millions of men they deported have disappeared as a result of inhumane treatment. This painful page in the history of black people has apparently not been completely turned."
Coast of ZanzibarIn East Africa, the coastal region served as the primary route for the slave trade, with Zanzibar functioning as its central hub.
Enterprising Arab merchants and middlemen would gather in Zanzibar to acquire raw materials such as cloves and ivory. They would then purchase enslaved Africans, who were forced to carry these goods and labour on plantations abroad. Slaves from as far as Sudan, Ethiopia and Somalia were brought to the Zanzibar market and shipped across the Indian Ocean to the Persian Gulf and Arabian Peninsula, where they were forced to work in places like Oman, Iran, Saudi Arabia and Iraq.
Notably, African Muslims were exempt from enslavement due to Islamic legal views.
https://www.fairplanet.org/dossier/beyond-slavery/forgotten-slavery-the-arab-mus...The Muslim conquest of India from the 10th-13th centuries was extremely violent and devastating. Mahmud of Ghazni led the initial invasions, attacking and pillaging major cities in northern India and returning to his capital laden with riches looted from Hindu temples. Subsequent rulers like the Ghurid and Delhi sultans continued the pattern of invading, destroying temples, massacring civilians, and establishing Muslim rule through violence and terror. The sultans implemented policies of heavy taxation on Hindus and prohibiting Hindu religious practices in order to undermine Hindu culture and resistance to Islamic rule. This long period of conquest and domination greatly weakened India economically, socially and psychologically.
https://www.scribd.com/doc/28014130/Moslem-Conquest-of-India-by-Will-DurantThe term *”White Slaves of Islam”* refers to the historical practice of enslaving Europeans by Islamic powers, particularly between the 16th and 19th centuries. Although this form of slavery is less widely known than the transatlantic slave trade, it profoundly impacted European and Mediterranean societies. Much of this slavery was the result of piracy and coastal raids, especially by the infamous Barbary Corsairs, who operated from the North African coast—modern-day Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, and Libya—and through Ottoman conquests.
https://metaphoremagazine.com/white-gold-the-white-slaves-of-islam/
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