"Let's go wider afield. On housing affordability, Howard introduced the capital-gains-tax concession; bolstered the first-home buyers' grant; and boosted immigration – all putting pressure on housing demand. Investor entry into the housing market took off from the moment the capital-gains-tax concession began. We wallow helplessly in the backwash of these idiotic decisions.

Speaking of tax, Howard introduced the over-60 superannuation tax holiday, other super concessions, family payments to middle-income households, age-based tax concessions, and lots of income-tax breaks for middle to higher-income households. These have been difficult if not impossible to wind back and have increased inequality in Australia.

In short, Howard squandered the mining boom on buying votes and allowing miners to be lightly taxed.
In education, he dramatically increased federal funding to private schools ,which they largely spent on non-educational luxuries. He starved public schools. The result is the worsening scores Australia gets on national and international testing. Again, it has been difficult to unwind because of the demand that "no school should be worse off", which Julia Gillard was forced to accede to.

In health, Howard's government corroded Medicare by misdirecting money into tax deductions for inefficient private health insurance. Again, they are hard to unwind. Howard set the stage for the present return to the 1960s in the health system – one in which many people cannot afford to pay for healthcare.

We now bemoan the casualisation of the workforce, underemployment and low wages growth. A lot of that is down to Howard's industrial-relations policies, culminating in WorkChoices.

With infrastructure, Howard was a master of the pork barrel. The regional partnership program was biased towards Coalition and marginal seats. We have mentioned the Defence joint HQ. The priority given to the Alice-to-Darwin railway was another big spend in a marginal seat, instead of being part of the orderly construction of a national rail network in which the Melbourne-Brisbane link was the obvious priority.

The misspend is still sounding in infrastructure deficits today. It took Labor to set up Infrastructure Australia to expose the pork barrels and put a bit of economic rationality into the system.

Howard politicised the public service when he sacked six department heads upon coming into power. Abbott followed suit, It was followed by Abbott when he sacking three when he came into office. Again, a bad Howard precedent becoming the new norm.

In Indigenous affairs, Howard's legacy was the abolition of the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Commission; the intervention; the failure to say sorry to the stolen generation; and the mishandling of constitutional recognition.

On other iconic questions, he created historic mischief. He divided and ruled on the 1999 republic referendum instead of being a national leader. He demanded his party members vote for an antiquated definition of marriage; we still have division in our society when our English-speaking and European friends and allies have all grown up.

He joined a liberal party when it was what he called a "broad church", then, in power, he systematically removed everything left of the nave and made it the conservative party in which Malcolm Turnbull is having difficulty finding a pew.

Yes, he implemented gun control, but that was fairly easy in a nation just shocked by the largest mass gun murder in history to that date.

Yes, Australia broke records for continuous economic growth, but, again, this was fairly easy after the Hawke-Keating reforms and a mining boom.

Yes, Howard implemented the GST, but it was only half the job that New Zealand did because of the Senate. But Howard did not revisit the tax later when he had a Senate majority.

Returning to energy, Howard followed the US out of the Kyoto agreement. He reluctantly agreed that a carbon tax would be worthwhile but did nothing about it. He encouraged the states to privatise electricity and, in 1998, set up the national electricity market based on market principles – meaning electricity network owners, suppliers and retailers could screw consumers and small business.

In all, a do-nothing ditherer like Turnbull or McMahon is a better proposition than someone who put in train changes which have made Australia a poorer, less equitable place and which have been very difficult to undo.
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