Melanie says she earned $2 an hour and every step was tracked on an app
7 October 2018
Sydney Morning Herald
Melanie Young was looking to earn some extra money for her young family - all she had to do was download a smartphone app.
Two days later she was walking several kilometres delivering marketing material for some of Australia’s best-known companies, as the app tracked her movements.
Young was a catalogue distribution walker, an independent contractor according to those who hired her - not an employee.
Melanie Young worked for Salmat as a letterbox distribution walker.
As an independent contractor for industry leader Salmat, she could be owed as little as $20 for nine hours of work collating and delivering pamphlets, well below minimum wage.
In Young’s case she wasn’t even paid that.
Now, the catalogue distribution industry is facing allegations of exploitation, with features such as monitoring apps indicating a closer employment relationship between companies and contractors.
Young, hired by an area-representative-contractor on behalf of Salmat, lasted just four weeks before deciding it was not worth her time.
“You would log into the app and accept the contracts on the app, then it would give you a countdown for when it had to be completed, it was like a little GPS,” she says.
“You would send all your data [from the app] to your area representative, otherwise they said you wouldn’t get paid. It would record your start time, pause time and the time you finished, I think they would know how long it took for each of us to finish a contract.
“A contract would usually be about $20, but it was taking so much time, sometimes six to seven hours to sort the catalogues and three to four hours to deliver them, I worked out I was making about $2 an hour.”
After nearly 100 hours of work Young estimates she was only owed $150-200, but she never received any payment.
“They [contractor] never asked for my banking details and when I told them I was quitting and needed to be paid, the lady went on holidays, she never got back to me," she says.
“Eventually I gave up, the only bonus is I dropped a clothing size.”
According to a Salmat area-representative-contractor in Melbourne, independent contractors are typically paid directly by Salmat.
Salmat argues that independent contractors such as Young are not bound by the minimum wage as they are free to work how they please and accept or decline any contract.
Legal experts say Salmat’s model raises questions about whether the walkers are really contractors or employees.
Tess Hardy, a senior lecturer at Melbourne Law School and co-director of the Centre for Employment and Labour Relations Law, says she would be surprised if Salmat wasn’t worried.
“Some suggest that the nature of letter distribution work is so unique that it falls outside the boundaries of the relevant employment regulations. Similar arguments are being made in the gig economy,” Hardy says.
Coles and Woolworths say they are looking into their relationship with Salmat.
“But in reality, the work is not that unique. Rather, it seems that Salmat – either directly or via a subcontractor – are engaging people to perform menial tasks in exchange for payment.
“The workers do not appear to be operating any genuine business of their own.”
Young did not have an ABN while working for Salmat, typically a requirement of independent contractors.
For its part Salmat told investors recently that the app – known as Salmathub - was a “true differentiator” that had “excellent uptake and response from users in the field and clients”.
Investigation continues
Fairfax Media revealed in September that the Fair Work Ombudsman is investigating Salmat. Major clients including Woolworths and Coles have said they are also looking into their relationship with the company.
Hardy believes that, according to the information available, Salmat’s role and the exact contractual arrangements remain uncertain.
“If Salmat is paying the walkers directly, then it may be that Salmat is found to be the true employer. In any case, the fact that Salmat has engaged the walkers via a separate entity does not make them immune to liability.
“For example, where the head contractor has set the contract price at such a low level that it makes it impossible for the relevant employer to comply with their award obligations, then it is quite possible that the head contractor will be taken to be ‘involved in’ the contravention and liable as an accessory under the Fair Work Act.”