Old Codger wrote on Oct 17
th, 2013 at 3:42pm:
SEATO?
Doesn't exist as an effective organisation any more. Basically started to fall apart the moment the treaty was drafted when it deliberately left the Indo-Chinese nations out, merely making them an "area of special interest." This gave everybody a "get out of Jail free" card which they could play when the North Vietnamese attacked South Vietnam. Despite what Menzies claimed, there were no "treaty obligations" WRT to South Vietnam when he announced the commitment of Australian troops to that country's defence.
When the Vietnam War ended, SEATO was quietly disbanded in 1977 and ceased to exist as an effective organisation.
SEATO's major problem was that it was created in the mistaken belief that Communism was under centralised control from the Kremlin, when in reality as a political movement it was made up of a lot of different organisations and individuals who all had their own ideas on how to bring about the Socialist Utopia.
A good case in point were the Vietnamese Communist Party. While in the Republic of Vietnam, in the South, the US created a complete shadow government and were essentially running the country and the war, in the North, the Politburo would hold meetings to conduct the war in the South and keep the Soviet Ambassador cooling his heels outside in the corridor. Once a decision had been reached, he was called in and presented with requests for aid.
Chinese involvement was even more distant. While 25,000 Chinese troops (primarily labourers on the railways) were committed to North Vietnam, none ventured South and all had been withdrawn by 1970. The PRC was more of a hindrance than a help in the late 1960s because of the ideological schism between it and the fUSSR. During the Cultural Revolution it got so bad that Chinese Red Guard cadres would lead riots against trains carrying war materieale' to Hanoi from the fUSSR, damaging essential war supplies.
That in turn lead the fUSSR to resort to shipping by sea and that in turn allowed the USA to mine the harbour at Haiphong and that, alone with the Christmas Bombing campaign in 1972 brought the North back to the negotiating table and to accept an Armistice.